Rotary bit



A. B. ELLIS.

ROTARY BIT.-

APPLICATION FILED )ULY12, 1920.

Patented Apr. 4, 1922.

RUTAEY 183m.

Application filed 31113 12,

' Th all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED B. ELLIS, a citizen oi": the United States, residing at Moran, in the county of Shackel'lord, State of Texas, have invented new and useful improvements in Rotary Bits, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has to .do with a rotary bit and more particularly with a rotary well drilling bit. An object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which is simple, inexpensive to manufacture, and effective.

The present bit comprises, generally, ,a body formed with sockets, cutters arranged in the sockets to extend from the body, and means for preventing displacement of the cutters from the sockets. The body is preterably a cast member provided with a joint shank and is formed to securely and rigidly carry the cutters. The cutters, of which there are three in the particular bit herein set forth to disclose the invention, are comparatively small hard steel members suitably sharpened or drcssedj The means for holding the cutters in the body, or in the sockets, comprise pins arranged through the body and the cutters.

A feature of the bit provided by the pres ent invention is its cheepness of manufacture and its durability. The construction of the bit is such that the body portion can be of comparatively cheap construction, for in stancepit may be an ordinary steel casting, and the cutters, which must necessarily be made of comparatively expensive, or high grade, steel, can be made comparatively small and therefore comparatively inexpensively. Further, the fact that the cutters are removable from the body permits 01" them being re placed when. worn out thereby making it unnecessar'y'toreplace the entire bit as is usually necessary in devices of this character.

Another feature of the invention is the construction which permits of the bit being easily and. conveniently handled and repaired. The securing of the cutters in the sockets by means of pins permits of them be ing very easily removed, and the fact that the cutters are comparatively small members 'ermits of them being easily and conveniently handled when they have been removed from the body. This is particularly important as it reatly simplifies and facilitates dressing of tlie cutters and thereby lends to economical drilling. Further, the fact that Specification of Letters Patent.

195?. Serial No. 5%,.183.

the cutters are comparatively small and easy to handle, also permits of them being; more easily and perfectly heat treated or tempered. than ordinary/hits of this character be.

Another and noteworthy feature of the in vention is the construction of the bit which allows it to be worked in mud, or the like, without becoming clogged, or w thout catchend accumulating mud. The body of it is provided. with suitable openings i'hich permit of circulation of mud, or the like, through. it and the cutters are carried so to be separated, or suitably spaced. thereby eliminating pockets or corners such as are liable to become clogged or tilled with mud. or the like. in fact, the construction of the bit is such as to cause churning, or, circulation of mod rather than accumulation or collection of it.

Another important feature of the invention is the construction of the bit which pern'iits of circulating water being supplied to the cutters close to their edges, or to where they are actually cutting. .tnis is pz-irticularly important in that it assures of the out ters being kept clean and adds greatly to their effectiveness and to the circulation around the cutters and, fact, around the entire bit.

Other objects and features of the invention will be best understood from the following detailed description of a preferred einbodi ment of the invention throughout which reference is had to the accompanying dra wings in which i Fig. l. is a front elevation of the cutter provided lay the invention; $3 a View of the cutter taken as indicator by ne Q on Fig. l 3 is a. bottom plan v oi the cutter being a view taken as indicated by line 3--3 on Fig. i; Fig. i is a bottom plan View of the body alone or without the cutters in place; 5 is a detailed sectional view of the lower portion of the hit being a view taken as indicated by line on Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional view taken as indicated by line 6-6 on Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a. detailed sectional view taken as indicated by line 7'? on Fig. 1, being a, view showing the arrangement oi the rcanier; Fig. 8 is asectional view taken as indicated byline 88 onl ig. 3;-and Fig. 9 is a view of a fish-tail cutter removed from the body.

Throughout the drawings numeral 10 de signates the body of the bit which carries the cutters A, B and C and which is forested t ll Elli

4 bit is to be mounted.

like, as circumstances may require.

with a suitable screw-threaded. shank 13. The body 10 is preferably a cast steel member and it will be understood that the shank 13, which is preferably cast or formed integrally with the rest of the body, maybe of a size and shape which will fit the particulardrill pipe, or member, on which the For instance, tht shank 13 may either be formed with drill pipe threads, tapered tool joint threads, or it may be a 10 degree tapered shank, or Itfie e body 10 is a comparatively fiat broad member, being about twice as wide as it is thick, and is formed with suitable rounded corners, or edges, as clearly-shown in the drawings,

" In the preferred form of the invention, the

body is formed with vertical circulation.

openings or slots 14. as I will hereinafter term them, through it and is formed at its lower end 22 with recesses or sockets 15. 16 and 17 to carry the cutters A, B and C respectively. I herein refer to the circulation opening, or o enings, as circulation slots to clearly distinguish them from the water holes hereinafter described. and therefore it is to be understood that the invention "is not limited to the circulation openings being specificallyin the formof slots. The slots 14:, of which there are two. in the body shown in the drawings extcnd completely through the body 10 and are preferably comparatively large. By the provision of the slots 14 in the body 10 it is ossible to make the body comparatively licavy and strong and yet not make it bulky. orso that it will accumulate or gather mud. or the like, when in operation. The circulation slots may, of course, in practice be made of various shapes and sizes and may be formed at parts of the body where they will be most effective. I

The socket 153, which carries the central cutter A, is located in the center of the body 10 and extends straight into the body, or in other words, arranged to extend into body so that its sides or walls are parallel with the vertical or longitudinal axis of the body." The socket 15 is not as deep as the sockets 16 and 17 but comparatively long and narrow and is arranged transversely of the body when considering it as viewed in Figs. 3, 4 and 6. The socket 15 is shaped to receive the shank 20, formed on the central cutter A so that the shoulder 21 formed on the cutter A will engage or bear against the I lowerend 22 of the body, in the manner shown throughout the drawings. To secure the shank 20 in the socket 15 a pin 23 is arranged through bores 24c and 25, in the body 10 and shank 20, respectively which are in register when the shank 20 is properly and completely in lace in the socket 15. The pin 23 is pre. erably a driving litin the bores 9-4 and 25 so that it can be removed if bit and it is shown to be somewhat longer than the cutters B and C. It will be understood of course that any suitable type or form of cutter A may be employed in the bit provided by the invention, for instance,

whatis known as a fish-tail bit such as is shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings, may be advantageously used in place of a diamond point bit.

The socket 16, which is adapted to carry the shank 30 formed on cutter B, is formed in the bo t-tom of'the body 10 at one side of the socket 15, and preferably comparatively close to the socket 15. The socket 16 is shaped to receive the shank 30 so that the shoulder 31 formed on the cutter B will engage or seat against the bottom 22 of the I body 10, and a pin 33 is arranged through bores 34 and in the body 10 and shank 30. respectively, to hold the cutter B in place in the body 10, in the same manner as the pin :23 holds the cutter A in place.

The socket 17, which carries the shank 38 formed on the cutter C is formed in the bottom of the body 10 at somewhat of an angle. as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 5, and so that the cutter (T will be carried in a manner to cause its outermost portion or tip to be a considerable distance beyond, or outwardly of, the body 10, as clearly shown in we drawings. tending diagonally into the bottom of the body 10 it is preferred that the shoulder 40. formed on the cutter C to engage the bottom of the body 10. be at an angle which will cause, or allow it, to properly engage the Due to the socket 17 exoutwardly of the body, in fact. it is merely necessary to provide a straight cutter such as is shown in the drawings. The cutter is retained in the socket 17 in the same manner as the cutters A and B are retained in the sockets 15 and 16, respectively, by a pin 42 arranged in bores 43 and 44 in the body 10 and shank 38, respectively.-

It will be noted in the drawings that the cutters A, l and are of difi'erent lengths, the cutter A being the longest and the cutter C being the shortest, and that the cutters are arranged to each cut at a different por tion or to each have a different path, when the bit is in operation. Further, it will be noted that the cutters are arranged so that their aths somewhat overlap thereby causing the bit to make a complete cut from its ocum comer lo the curler eclge or tip of the outer curler C. The poflhs or the various callers are indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3,.

wherein the clotted circle A indiczrlcs the porh of the curler A, the dotted circles B re orror 'emcrr-i'. of rho curlers so that they are of rlirlerem; lengfrlls is of par liculzrr importance as this causes the two outer cutters, is, the cutters Bond C to operore or our with particularly high ellicloocy lcecorrse they have o hole to cut to, or other words, because a hole ls started for them by rho control cutter A.

To facilitate rr removing the camera from the sockets after the pins 523, 33 and 42 have been remored suitable openings 50 are provicled in cutters, adjacent lo the shoulclcrs formed on them to engage the bottom 22 of the body 10, so that a suitable wedge con lce er-rongedllwoo l them as indicated by clojlzicecl line J in Fig. It will loo reorlily understood how the emitters can he very easily removed from the sockets by forcing lillE Wedge into the openings 50.,

Suitable holes 60 are formed. longimdi molly through the boo l0 rrom the shock 13 to its end 22 so that r val/er, or other liquid, can be effectively empplied to the cutters at times when it is desirable. The fact chat toe Pullers are well spaced and comparaci'vely short, or smolL ca uses Water rlisclmrg ing from the holes 60 to eilcclzivel' reoclz the cut 'rlg edges of rlhe tool. For rear, lhe slots ll, in the body, also greatly assist in the circulation of liquid about the cutters as they allow, or in fact, stimulate circulry lion of liquid or mud around and in the vicinity of the bit.

In the preferred form of bit a socket 61 is fo med in the side of the body 10 to carry 21 reamer 62. The learner is provided so that the bit will drill a clean hole of o cerrain size. In the drawings the socket 61 is formed in the body 10 so chat'the reorner can be arranged through it and to extend into one of the slots 14. With this arrangeriaent the rcamer can be very easily and effectively held against dicplacement by a pin 74 through ii and so as to extend from it into the slot.

Haring eel; forth a preferred form or my invention 1 do not Wish to limit myself b0 the specific details lrereincbove set forth but, rather, Wish to reserve to myself any changes or yorizrtlonstlml may appear to those skilled in the art or that may fall W'llll'llll the scope of the lollow'rn claims.

Having described a preferred form of? my invention, 1 claim:

1. In a. rotary bit or the character described ho ly formed with sockets to carry cutters and a slot to allow circulation.

2. In a rotary oil of the chorocter described, obocly carrying cutters and having loog'ituclimlly disposed circulation slots.

3. In a rotary bit of the character dc scriberl, a fiat body carrying cutting parts at its outer end and having longitudinallydisposcd slots at its edge ports.

4, A bit of the character described em boclying, a body having a circulation slot in it, o curler carried centrally at the end or the bocly in a plane diametrically and longitudimolly of the body, and a second cutter carried at the end of the body in spaced relation lo the first mentioned cutter and atom side of izlre first mentioned cutter, the poll: of rho second cutter overlapping and extending ourrmr-cl of the path of the first mentioned cooler.

55. A bit of the character described emborlying, a body, a cutter carried centrally at the end of the loody in o plane dia metrically and longitudinally of the body, and; a second cutter carried at the curl of the body in spaced relation to the first montionecl cutter and at one side of the first mentioned cutter, the path of. the second curler overlapping and extending outward of the path of the. first mentioned cutter.

In witnese that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 2nd day of July, 1920.

ALFRED B. ELLIS,

Witnesses:

W 0. KING, Jim Corrrsr. 

